Radar do Voto brings Brazilian elections together in one place. Here, in a few steps, is how to find what you are looking for.
Start by choosing the year
When you open the site, you see the election years as small circles at the top. A switch there toggles between the most recent years (1989 to 2024) and the oldest ones (1933 to 1986). Tap a year and all of its races appear: on one side president, governor, senator and deputies; on the other, mayor and city councillor. Tap the office you want to see the result.
The four tabs at the bottom
At the bottom of the screen there are four shortcuts, always at hand: Elections (the races by year), States, Cities and Candidates. They organize the whole site. That is how you get around.
How many votes elect a city councillor in your city
Tap Cities and type the name of your city, or first choose the state and find the city in the list. The page opens with the answer up front: how many votes the last city councillor elected there received, how many seats the city council has and how many people ran. A table shows that number in each election, and a button switches to mayor. Further down, when you choose a year, the full list of candidates in that city appears.
Who a candidate is and where they have run before
Tap Candidates and type the name or the ballot name, for example, “ticio” or “mévio”. Open the name in the list and you see the person's profile: the photo, the largest vote total of their career and every time they ran, with office, year, party and votes, even if they changed office, party or city. Each row takes you to the full result of that election.
The result of an office in a given year
On the home screen, choose the year and tap the office. The list of all candidates appears, from most to least voted, with the percentage and, on the line below, the word Elected in green for those who won a seat. For governor and deputies, you choose the state; for mayor and city councillor, the state and then the city. Tap any name to go to their profile.
Turnout: eligible voters, abstentions, blank, null and valid votes
At the top of each result there is a Turnout block, which shows the size of the election. The terms look alike, but each one says something different:
- Eligible voters: the voters who could vote (the electorate of the unit).
- Turnout: how many actually went to the polls.
- Abstentions: how many did not show up. The math is Abstentions = eligible voters − turnout.
- Blank and Null: those who showed up but did not choose a valid candidate (a blank vote, or a spoiled one).
- Valid: the votes that count for the candidates: Valid = turnout − blank − null. Each candidate's percentage is calculated on the valid votes: that is why the percentages add up to 100% among those who ran, and not over the whole electorate.
The colors and labels (deputies and city councillors)
In elections for deputy and city councillor (the so-called proportional races), the line below each candidate starts with the outcome, before the party and the number. In recent elections you see three:
Elected Elected on their own votes, reaching the quotient (explained just below). Shown in green.
Elected (remainder seat) Also elected, but through the remainders: the last seats, after the first division, go to the highest “averages”. It is the same green, because the outcome is the same (the person is elected); what changes is the path.
Alternate Not elected, but in line: takes the seat if an elected member of the same party or federation leaves (leave of absence, resignation, removal from office, death). Shown in gold.
Anyone without a label simply was not elected. That is most of the rows. For president, governor, senator and mayor, which have a single winner, green marks who won. The R$ button, to the right of each row, opens the fundraising and spending of that campaign.
When there is a runoff
The runoff exists only for single-winner offices, the Executive: president, governor and mayor (and, for mayor, only in cities with more than 200,000 voters). It happens when no one gets more than half of the valid votes (blank and null votes do not count) in the first round; then the top two run again. Senator, deputy and city councillor have no runoff. They are decided in a single round. In cities with up to 200,000 voters, the mayor is also chosen in a single round, by whoever has the most votes.
RUNOFF Ran in the runoff. On the profile of anyone who went to the second round, this outlined gray badge marks the candidacy: it says the person got there, without stating who won. The winner gets the green elected badge.
How many winners each office has, and why the number is fixed
The number of seats in each race is set by law and does not change from one election to the next (only when the law itself changes). Knowing how many there are helps you understand what the results page shows inside.
Single-winner offices (the Executive). Each election chooses one president and their vice president for the whole country; one governor and lieutenant governor in each state (and in the Federal District); and one mayor and deputy mayor in each municipality. The running mate is on the same ticket: you vote once and elect both.
The Senate. Each state and the Federal District have three senators, who represent the unit of the federation: the whole state, not a region of it. That makes 81 seats (27 × 3). The term lasts eight years and the chamber renews gradually: in one election you choose one senator per state (1/3 of the chamber is renewed); in the next, two (2/3 are renewed); in the one after, one again, and so on. Each elected senator brings two alternates, who take over if the senator leaves the seat.
The many-member chambers (the proportional races). The Chamber of Deputies has 513 federal deputies, divided among the states by population: at least 8 per state, at most 70 (São Paulo). State Assemblies start from that number: three times the number of federal deputies, up to 12; and 36 plus whatever exceeds 12, above that. Added together, there are 1,059 state and district seats. The table shows each state's base today:
| State | Federal | State |
|---|---|---|
| Acre | 8 | 24 |
| Alagoas | 9 | 27 |
| Amapá | 8 | 24 |
| Amazonas | 8 | 24 |
| Bahia | 39 | 63 |
| Ceará | 22 | 46 |
| Distrito Federal | 8 | 24 |
| Espírito Santo | 10 | 30 |
| Goiás | 17 | 41 |
| Maranhão | 18 | 42 |
| Mato Grosso | 8 | 24 |
| Mato Grosso do Sul | 8 | 24 |
| Minas Gerais | 53 | 77 |
| Pará | 17 | 41 |
| Paraíba | 12 | 36 |
| Paraná | 30 | 54 |
| Pernambuco | 25 | 49 |
| Piauí | 10 | 30 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 46 | 70 |
| Rio Grande do Norte | 8 | 24 |
| Rio Grande do Sul | 31 | 55 |
| Rondônia | 8 | 24 |
| Roraima | 8 | 24 |
| Santa Catarina | 16 | 40 |
| São Paulo | 70 | 94 |
| Sergipe | 8 | 24 |
| Tocantins | 8 | 24 |
| Brazil | 513 | 1,059 |
City councils range from 9 to 55 seats. The Constitution sets the maximum for each population bracket, and each municipality chooses its own number in its organic law, up to that limit (that is why some councils have an even number, like Curitiba's, with 38). Only São Paulo, with more than 8 million inhabitants, reaches the ceiling of 55:
| Inhabitants of the municipality | City Councillors |
|---|---|
| Up to 15,000 | 9 |
| 15,000 to 30,000 | 11 |
| 30,000 to 50,000 | 13 |
| 50,000 to 80,000 | 15 |
| 80,000 to 120,000 | 17 |
| 120,000 to 160,000 | 19 |
| 160,000 to 300,000 | 21 |
| 300,000 to 450,000 | 23 |
| 450,000 to 600,000 | 25 |
| 600,000 to 750,000 | 27 |
| 750,000 to 900,000 | 29 |
| 900,000 to 1.05 million | 31 |
| 1.05 to 1.2 million | 33 |
| 1.2 to 1.35 million | 35 |
| 1.35 to 1.5 million | 37 |
| 1.5 to 1.8 million | 39 |
| 1.8 to 2.4 million | 41 |
| 2.4 to 3 million | 43 |
| 3 to 4 million | 45 |
| 4 to 5 million | 47 |
| 5 to 6 million | 49 |
| 6 to 7 million | 51 |
| 7 to 8 million | 53 |
| Over 8 million | 55 |
The quotient, coalitions and federations
For deputy and city councillor, the seat belongs to the party before it belongs to the candidate. First the valid votes are added up and divided by the number of seats: that is the electoral quotient (valid votes ÷ seats). Then you see how many seats each party won, and only after that do they go to the most voted candidates within that party. That is why someone can get many votes and not be elected (their party did not reach the quotient), while someone else, with fewer votes, is elected.
Two arrangements add up the votes of different parties in the same quotient:
Coalition: several parties joined just for that election. It applied to proportional races until 2018 (and 2016 in municipalities); Constitutional Amendment 97/2017 ended proportional coalitions starting in 2020. (For president, governor, senator and mayor, coalitions still exist.)
Federation: created by Law 14,208/2021 and used since 2022. It looks like a coalition, but it is a lasting bond: the parties stay together for at least four years, including after the election, and count as a single party, also when adding up the votes for the quotient.
A simple example. A state elects 8 deputies and had 800,000 valid votes. The quotient is 800,000 ÷ 8 = 100,000 votes per seat. A federation of three parties adds up 250,000 votes: that is enough for 2 seats, which go to the two most voted candidates of the whole federation, say one with 120,000 and another with 50,000 votes. Meanwhile, a party that ran alone got 70,000 votes in total, and its best candidate had 60,000; since the party did not reach the 100,000 of the quotient, that candidate is left out. Result: the federation candidate with 50,000 is elected, and the one from the party that ran alone with 60,000 is not. That is the difference adding up votes makes.
Remainders and the performance threshold
After the quotient divides up the first seats, there are almost always some left over: the division is rarely exact. These remaining seats go to the highest averages: that is the green label Elected (remainder seat) you saw above. They are divided in rounds: in the first round of remainders, only parties with at least 80% of the quotient and candidates with at least 20% of it compete. When no one else meets those two requirements, the last round is open to all parties and candidates. That last part was decided by the STF (the Supreme Federal Court) in 2024, and in 2025 it also applied it to the 2022 seats, which changed seven federal deputies elected that year.
Do not confuse this with the performance threshold (barrier clause), which is something else: it does not take a seat from anyone: whoever was elected stays. What it does is cut off access to the party fund and to radio and TV airtime for parties that do not reach a minimum number of votes nationwide. And that minimum rises with each election: it was 1.5% of the valid votes (or 9 federal deputies) in 2018, 2% (or 11) in 2022, and will be 2.5% (or 13) in 2026. In 2022, only 12 of 28 parties and federations passed: that is why so many joined federations, so as not to be left out.
Your state
The States tab does the same as the cities one, one step up: how many votes elected a governor, a senator, a federal deputy and a state deputy in that state, election by election.
The 2026 election
At the top of the home screen there is an orange button, 2026 results. There you see the result of each office, with each candidate's votes, from the vote count of Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE). Anyone who has run before becomes a link to their track record. The runoff, on October 25, comes to the site with the data from the TSE.
The Brazil Panel
In the footer there is also the Presidential Panel of Brazil, available for free. It is the map of the country in presidential elections, from 1945 to 2022: each municipality colored with the color of whoever won there. Change the year, switch the metrics, zoom in, tap a state to focus on it and a municipality to see the numbers. In the See on the map selector you can switch between the result (who won) and participation (turnout, abstention, blank and null votes). There is also the map of the vote abroad and the profile of each candidate.
The history of voting
In the footer of every page there is the link History of the Vote in Brazil: a text about how people voted in the country in each era, with a timeline to jump straight to any election since 1933.
About Radar do Voto
Want to know who makes Radar do Voto, where the numbers come from and why the site exists? The About Radar do Voto page explains what it is about.
That's all. Tap, explore and come back whenever you like. And if you need help, talk to us through the WhatsApp button in the corner of the screen.